Dna Analysis And Identification Of Missing Bodies Essay

Summer Assignment Topic :- DNA Testing On Putrefied Bodies Project Objective :- DNA Analysis and identification of Missing Bodies Methodology:- Review Of Literature And Important Case Studies. By:- Zoya Kalim B.Sc Forensic Science (Group 1) Year 2013-2016 What is Putrefaction? Putrefaction is one of the seven stages in the decomposition of the body of a dead animal or human. It is defined as the decomposition of proteins in a process that results in the eventual breakdown of cohesion between tissues and the liquefaction of most organs. It can also be defined as progressive loss of skin and soft tissues. Body flattens as the decomposition gasses escape. In terms of thermodynamics, all organic tissue is a stored source of chemical energy and when not maintained by the constant biochemical efforts of the living organism it will break down into simpler products. The breakdown of proteins in a decomposing carcass is a spontaneous process but one that is accelerated as the anaerobic microorganisms, already present in the animal s digestive tract when it was alive, consume and digest the proteins that comprise the creature s cells. Due to the digestion of the cells and the protein, the tissues of the body are left in a weakened state. Proteins are broken down into smaller components and these are excreted by the bacteria. The excreted components, which include gases andShow MoreRelatedTsunami : A Disaster Victim Identification1491 Words   |  6 Pages(Thais: 1,972; foreign nationals from at least 36 countries: 2,248; and 1,175 of unknown nationality) and 2,817 were missing (Thais: 1,924).3,6,7 The international disaster victim identific ation (DVI) led by the Royal Thai Police in Phuket, Thailand in response to the Boxing Day tsunami was one of the largest and most complex in DVI history. 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Deriving Keplers Laws of Planetary Motion Free Essays

Deriving Kepler’s Laws Tanner Morrison November 16, 2012 Abstract Johannes Kepler, a world renowned mathematician and astronomer, formulated three of today’s most in? uential laws of physics. These laws describe planetary motion around the sun. Deriving these laws (excluding Kepler’s First Law) will stress the concept of planetary motion, as well as provide a clear understanding of how these laws became relevant. We will write a custom essay sample on Deriving Keplers Laws of Planetary Motion or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1 Kepler’s First Law Kepler’s First Law states: The orbit of every planet is an ellipse with the Sun at one of the two foci. 2 Kepler’s Second Law Kepler’s Second Law states: A line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas during equal time intervals. In more simpler terms, the rate at which the area is swept by the planet is constant ( dA = constant). dt 2. 1 Derivation Of Kepler’s Second Law To start this derivation, we will need to know how to ? nd the area that is swept out by the planet. This area is equal to ? r A= rdrd? = 0 r2 ? 2 (1) 0 The position can be de? ned by the planetary motion. r = r cos + r sin i j (2) The velocity can then be found by taking the derivative of the position. r = (? r sin ? d? dr d? dr + cos ? )? + (r cos ? i sin ? )? j dt d? dt d? (3) As noted during the derivation of Kepler’s First Law, h is a constant, due to the fact that r ? r is a constant. h = r ? r = constant To ? nd the constant vector h evaluate the determinate that is given by the cross product of r ? r . ? ? ? ? ? i j k h=? r cos ? r sin ? 0? dr d? dr d? ?r sin ? dt + d? cos ? r cos ? dt + d? sin ? 0 Once the determinate is evaluated it can be simpli? ed to h = r2 1 d? ? k dt (4) The magnitude of this vector being (the same). |h| = r2 d? dt (5) by the de? nition of h this value is a constant. Recall that the area swept out by the planet can be described as. r A= rdrd? = 0 r2 ? 2 0 The area swept through a little change in time (dt) is then equal to r2 d? dA = dt 2 dt Notice dA dt (6) looks alot like h = r2 d? dt h dA = dt 2 Showing that a constant. 3 dA dt is constant. Showing that the area swept out by the planet is Kepler’s Third Law Kepler’s Third Law states: The square of the orbital period of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit. This derivation will show that 4 ? 2 a 2 b2 T2 = h2 3. 1 Deriving Kepler’s Third Law From the derivation of Kepler’s Second Law we know that h dA = dt 2 By using integration we can ? d the area swept out during a certain time interval (T), the period. The fundamental theorem of calculus states that the integral of the derivative is equal to the integrand, T T dA = 0 h 2 dt 0 2 by simplifying we get the area of the planetary motion h T 2 A= (7) recall that A = ? ab, inputting this into our area equation we get ? ab = h T 2 Solving for the period (T), we get 2? ab h T= By squaring this period we get, 4 ? 2 a 2 b2 h2 T2 = (8) 2 Recall the directrix of an ellipse is (d = h ) and the eccentricity of an ellipse is c c (e = GM ). Multiplying these together and simplifying we get ed = 2 e h2 = eGM GM (9) Also recall that the square of half of the major axis of an ellipse is a2 = and the square of half of the minor axis is b2 = v Consider v a2 = e2 d2 (1 ? e2 ) 2 e2 d 2 (1? e2 ) . =a= e2 d2 (1? e2 )2 Solving for a ed 1 ? e2 2 b a b2 e2 d2 (1 ? e2 ) = = ed a (1 ? e2 ) ed (10) Equating equations (9) and (10) yields h2 b2 = GM a Simplifying this we get h2 = recalling T 2 = 4? 2 a2 b2 , h2 b2 GM a (11) inserting the new found h we get T2 = 4? 2 a2 b2 a 4? 2 a3 = h2 GM GM (12) Showing that the square of the period (T 2 ) is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis (a3 ). 3 How to cite Deriving Keplers Laws of Planetary Motion, Essay examples

Randj Essay Example For Students

Randj Essay In William Shakespeares play Romeo and Juliet, there is much controversy to who is to blame for the deaths of Romeo and Juliet. In this tragedy, the two familys on-going feud drives Romeo to kill one of Juliets relatives and thus he finds himself banned from Verona. They then construct a plan to meet again, but when the plan goes awry, the two star-crossed lovers take their own lives. The question now, where to lay the blame of their deaths. The deaths can be blamed on the parents, the friar, or Romeo and Juliet. The parents of Juliet can easily be seen as the motive for their deaths. One reason for this is that they are pushing Juliet to marry Paris. Sir Paris, I will make a desperate tender of me childs love a Thursday, tell her she shall marry this noble earl(12-21). This section shows of Capulets agreement with Paris to have him marry Juliet. Juliet loves Romeo, and not Paris, but her fathers thoughts of Paris being a suitable match make it so she has to marry him. Juliet, not thinking into the future and what else could be possible, makes haste decisions after her father tells her, I tell thee what- get to church a Thursday or never after look me in the face. Speak not, reply not, do not answer(61-63), and goes to the friar looking to kill herself. Her father then later makes a decision to move the wedding up to Wednesday. This greatly upsets Juliet. The desire of her father for her to marry and calling her a wretch and hussy run Juliet into a corner with nothing left to do to save her self, except herself. Also, after Romeo kills Tybalt Juliets mom says, Ill send one in Mantua, where that same banished runagate doth live, shall give him such an unaccustomed dram that he should soon keep Tybalt company, and then I hope thou wilt be satisfied,(87-93). This gives Juliet the thought that Romeo will be killed if her parents can have anything to do with it and that she will have to live without him. Come, cords, come, Nurse, Ill to my wedding bed, and death, not Romeo take my maidenhead,(136-137) explains that Juliet would rather die a virgin rather than live without Romeo. The parents have proven many times how they could be the cause of the lovers deaths. We will write a custom essay on Randj specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Friar can also be blamed for the deaths. For one, he is the person that agrees to marry the lovers. In one respect Ill thy assistant be; for this alliance may so happy prove to turn your households rancor to pure love,(93-94). Though the friar may mean good, he can ultimately be traced back to their deaths. If he had not married them, than maybe Romeo and Juliet would have forgotten about each other, or ran away together, or solved their problems in other ways. The friar also could be blamed because he is the one that thought of the plan. By doing this, he foreshadows the deaths. He gives another complication to the plot, while he is still trying to do good. His plan, although it could work, probably is not plausible. This is seen by all the bends that have to take place in order for it to actually work. Hold, daughter. I do spy a kind of hopeAnd in this borrowed likeness of shrunken death, thou shalt continue two and forty hours and then awake from a pleasant sleepIn the meantim e, against thou shalt awake, shall Romeo by my letters know our drift and hither shall he come,(69-116). This tells of the friars plan and shows how outrageous it truly is. Lastly, Friar Lawrence could be to blame because he should have been there in the cell to stop Romeo from killing himself and then from Juliet also for killing herself. If he had been there, then Romeo would have never taken to poison because he would have known that Juliet was not really dead. He said that he was going to be in the cell waiting for Juliet to wake up, but he wasnt. When Romeo killed himself, it was just moments before Juliet woke up, so he should have been down there to save both of them. .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146 , .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146 .postImageUrl , .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146 , .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146:hover , .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146:visited , .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146:active { border:0!important; } .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146:active , .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146 .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u42b5b2b5b29e8a46b7541d33eac88146:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Karl Marx (1881 words) EssayLastly, Romeo and Juliet could be to blame for their own deaths.Many times, the couple act irrationally which ultimately leads them to death. Romeo has a very irrational and hasty personality. When seeing him for the first time, he has fallen for Rosaline, another girl, and he is all weepy and sad and end of the world-ish about his love for her. But then when Romeo meets Juliet, he immediately forgets about Rosaline. Our Romeo hath not been in bed tonight. The last is true; the sweeter rest was mine. God pardon sin! Was thou with Rosaline? With Rosaline, my ghostly father? No. I have forgot that name, and that names woe(43-47). Also, the childr en could be at fault because Romeo killed Tybalt. By doing this, he was banned from Verona and thus further upsets Juliet and now they have to go make a plan to get the two back together. If Romeo had not acted so irrationally, then he might not have killed Tybalt and then Juliets parents might not have had as big of a deal about the couple and hating Romeo. IF the children were more grown up, then they would have seen what the future could bring them and not had to make such haste decisions. Well, Juliet, I will lie with thee tonight. Lets see for means. O mischief thou art swift to enter in the thoughts of desperate men. I do remember an apothecary(34-37), tells of how Romeo heard of Juliets death and decides that he cant live without her and so he will kill himself to be with her. This passage shows again how the Romeo and Juliet could have been at fault for their own deaths. There are many to blame for the deaths, the parents, Friar Lawrence, and Romeo and Juliet, but each has its own good qualities of why it could be those people. It is really a personal decision on who is at fault and how you view the book. But either way, someone is do blame. Bibliography: